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Basic Structural Analysis
Prestressed concrete structures, such as storage tanks for liquefied gases, may be exposed to severe thermal loading. Inner tank leakage in case of LNG storage implies exposure of the inner face of the concrete wall to a temperature of -165 ºC. In another situation surface temperatures up to 600 ºC can be reached on the dome roof in case of fire. Thermal loading differs from mechanical loading in that thermal loading not necessarily leads to stress build-up in the structure. The eventual stress build-up due to thermal loading corresponds to the local amount of thermal restraint. In the present paper it is shown for the case of a liquefied ethylene storage tank that superposition of these stress inducing thermal strains onto the strains due to mechanical loading leads to safe and economic design. The mechanical cross-sectional forces as well as the thermal restraint have been determined separately with linear-elastic FEM, while the mechanical strains have been determined from the FEM results using non-linear elastic cross-section analysis according to EN 1992-1-1:2011. In an automated process, final cross-sectional stresses follow directly from the superposed strains, taking plasticity into account. The results are compared to those resulting from staggered heat flow and non-linear elastic FEM analysis with smeared cracking.
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